How those proteins govern cell signaling and metabolism.

This "bottom-up" perspective helps explain why an animal functions the way it does, linking microscopic instructions in DNA to the macroscopic behavior of the whole animal.

How specific gene expressions trigger the production of proteins and enzymes.

"Animal Physiology: From Genes to Organisms" (primarily known as the textbook by Sherwood, Klandorf, and Yancey) is built around the .