These substances draw moisture out of microbial cells through osmosis. Think of salt-cured meats or fruit jams.

This combines drying with the antimicrobial properties of wood smoke chemicals, often used for meats and cheeses. Modern Industrial Techniques

The Art and Science of Food Preservation (Élelmiszer-tartósítás)

Modern sterilization that allows milk to be stored at room temperature for months. The Importance of Food Safety

With the industrial revolution came methods that allowed for longer shelf lives and easier transport:

Historically, preservation relied on physical changes and natural additives:

Developed in the 19th century, this involves sealing food in airtight containers and heating them to destroy spoilage organisms.