: The continent lies entirely between the tropics, receiving massive amounts of direct solar radiation.

: Cold currents (like the Canary and Benguela) create dry coastal deserts, while warm currents (like the Mozambique) bring rain.

Africa is divided into (1 central and 3 mirrored pairs):

To understand African climate systems, students must memorize these 4 core factors:

: Prevailing trade winds ( Пассаты ) bring moisture from the Indian Ocean to the east but blow dry air over the Sahara in the north.

: Higher elevations in East and South Africa make those specific regions cooler than expected for their latitude. 📊 African Climate Belts (7th Grade Breakdown)