In the context of the California registry system, these specific offenses are often classified as crimes.
Charges may escalate to "straight felonies" with longer prison terms (up to 13 years) if force, fear, or intimidation were used, or if the perpetrator acted in concert with others.
Challenging the credibility of the evidence or testimony provided by the accuser. California Code, Penal Code - PEN § 286 - Codes - FindLaw